::
GIANT AFRICAN LAND SNAILS ... Achatina fulica & A.
marginata
These are an ideal invertebrate for the beginner.
:: DISTRIBUTION
The species is native to the
continent of Africa. It is prized as a source of protein in
the diet of many African
tribes as some specimens can grown up to 30cm in body length.
The snail has been introduced to many tropical areas such as
Thailand, Hawaii and many Pacific Islands where it is now considered
a pest. In these countries and more laws are in force forbidding
the ownership of these animals as pets.
:: HOUSING
Snails can be housed in very simple
set ups such as plant propagators, 'Petpals', ' Geoflats' or
fish tanks.
The majority of snail keepers seem to prefer the fish tank.
A 60 x 30x 30cm tank is generally adequate for a pair of snails
provided they are normal adult size, about 20cm body length.
The fish tank must have a secure lid. Snails are not the fastest
escape artists in the world they are certainly the most determined
and climb the glass walls easily. Although the lid should be
secure there must be some snail proof form of ventilation to
prevent excessive humidity. A good substrate for the tank is
a 70:30 peat /vermiculite mixture. Peat alone can dry out quickly;
the vermiculite helps retain the moisture. Fill the bottom
of the tank with about 3-10cm depth of substrate and lightly
spray with water. The substrate will get damper by vegetation
sweating and snails defecating, so care must be taken to avoid
the bottom becoming too muddy.
A regular change of substrate is necessary;
the time period will depend of type and amount of food and
size and number
or snails. The snails should be kept at temperatures between
18 - 29ºC (the middle of this rage suits them best).
:: DIET
Snails are vegetarian. For such simple
creatures they can sometimes be annoyingly fussy over food.
Whatever you feed
them make sure that it is washed to remove any pesticides.
Most will eat the flat leafed round lettuce, some will also
take cos, romaine and little gem lettuces. Ice burg lettuces
are more often than not shunned. Some snails will take green
leaves from cabbages, greens, chard and kale. Salad vegetables
especially cucumber are enjoyed though this can make the tank
soggy if fed regularly. They will also eat soft fruits. The
provision of a shallow dish of water is optional, as they do
get most water from the vegetables they eat. The snails must
always have access to calcium to build their shells. The best
way to achieve this is by putting a whole cuttle fish bone
in the tank.
The snails may bury themselves in the substrate. Occasionally
while buried they may lay lots of small, round, white eggs.
These can be left to incubate in their tank or removed and
incubated separately. Treat eggs the same as the snails, moist
not wet, 18 - 29ºC (the warmer the eggs the shorter the
incubation, again aim at the middle of the range). Hatchling
snails are treated the same as adults, but on a smaller scale.
I remove babies to avoid them getting inside the shells of
the adults while the adults are extended.
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